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运用相关分析、因子分析和富集因子等对布哈河流域2014年丰水期河水样品主要离子浓度特征及来源进行了分析。结果表明:布哈河流域河水p H值的变化范围为7.91~9.21,平均值为8.43;EC的变化范围为133~871μS·cm~(-1),平均值为383μS·cm~(-1);河水中SO_4~(2-)、Ca~(2+)、Cl-、Na~+、 Mg~(2+)、NO3-、K+和NH_4~+的平均离子浓度分别为60.2、33.1、31.1、14.8、12.8、8.1、1.5和0.3μeq·L-1;阳离子浓度的大小顺序为Ca~(2+)>Na~+> Mg~(2+)>K+>NH_4~+,而主要阴离子浓度的大小顺序SO_4~(2-)>Cl->NO_3~-; Mg~(2+)、Ca~(2+)和SO_4~(2-)的离子浓度随着海拔的增加呈增加的趋势,Na+、Cl-和NO_3~-随着海拔的增加表现出减小的趋势,但K~+和NH_4~+不随海拔梯度的改变而变化;布哈河全流域的水化学类型为SO_4~(2-)-Ca~(2+)-Cl-- Mg~(2+);布哈河流域的水化学主要受控于蒸发岩和碳酸盐岩风化产物的影响。
The correlation analysis, factor analysis and enrichment factors were used to analyze the main ion concentration characteristics and sources of the river samples in the Buhahe River Basin in 2014. The results showed that the range of p H value in Buha River watershed ranged from 7.91 to 9.21 with an average of 8.43. EC ranged from 133 to 871 μS · cm -1 with an average of 383 μS · cm -1 ). The average ion concentrations of SO_4 ~ (2 -), Ca ~ (2 +), Cl-, Na ~ +, Mg ~ (2 +), NO3-, K + and NH_4 ~ + in the river water were 60.2 and 33.1, 31.1, 14.8, 12.8, 8.1, 1.5 and 0.3 μeq · L -1, respectively. The order of the cation concentrations was Ca 2+ + Na + Mg 2+ + K +> NH 4 + The concentration of SO_4 ~ (2 -)> Cl -> NO_3 ~ -, the ion concentration of Mg ~ (2 +), Ca ~ (2+) and SO_4 ~ (2-) increased with the increase of altitude , Na +, Cl- and NO_3 ~ - decreased with the increase of altitude, but K ~ + and NH_4 ~ + did not change with the change of altitude gradient. The chemical types of water in the whole basin of Buha River were SO_4 ~ ( 2 -) - Ca ~ (2 +) - Cl - Mg ~ (2+). The water chemistry of Buha River Basin is mainly controlled by the weathering products of evaporites and carbonate rocks.