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营养素包括蛋白质、脂类、糖类、维生素和矿物质五大类,有人将水和膳食纤维也包括到营养素范围之内。目前所知,人体必需的营养素总共42种,包括糖类、水、8种氨基酸(婴幼儿9种)、2种脂肪酸、15种矿物质(常量元素7种和微量元素8种)和14种维生素。这些人体所需的各类营养素在正常情况下都来自于每天的膳食,由于每种食物的营养价值不同,因此任何一种单一的天然食物都不能提供人体所需的全部营养素,只有由多种食物组成的平衡膳食才能保证人体的健康。
Nutrients include proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals in five categories, some people will also include water and dietary fiber within the scope of nutrients. Currently, there are altogether 42 kinds of nutrients essential for human body, including sugar, water, 8 kinds of amino acids (9 kinds of infants and young children), 2 kinds of fatty acids, 15 kinds of minerals (7 kinds of constant elements and 8 kinds of trace elements) and 14 kinds Vitamins. Under normal circumstances, all kinds of nutrients required by these human bodies come from everyday meals. Since each food has different nutritional value, no single natural food can provide all the nutrients needed by the human body. Only a variety of nutrients A balanced diet of food to ensure the health of the human body.