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目的对淄博市的淄川区和高青县不同生境流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)传播媒介蚊虫进行比较监测,调查当地突发乙脑病例的传播媒介蚊虫种类,为进一步防治乙脑提供依据。方法用人帐法、网捕法、灯诱法、人工小时法,分别在稻田、畜禽舍、住宅区3种不同生境采集蚊虫,分类计数,以50只为单位放入液氮罐中带回实验室进行病毒分离;记录当地温度、湿度、风速等环境气候因素。结果在3种生境中共捕获成蚊5属7种3116只,以稻田数量居多,占捕蚊总数的61.6%,畜禽舍次之,占24.1%,住宅区最少,占14.3%;三带喙库蚊、淡色库蚊是当地优势蚊种,分别占捕获总数的66.1%和19.1%。淄川区无稻田,淡色库蚊数量居多,占43.6%,三带喙库蚊次之,占34.0%。高青县以稻田为主,三带喙库蚊最多,占68.5%,淡色库蚊次之,占24.9%。人帐法捕获的蚊虫最多,占62.4%,灯诱法次之,占16.6%,人工小时法占14.6%,网捕法仅占6.4%。三带喙库蚊和淡色库蚊的叮刺高峰在日落后0.5～1 h达到活动高峰,持续约0～40 min,淡色库蚊的叮刺高峰迟20 min。结论三带喙库蚊可能是当地乙脑的主要传播媒介,在进行野外蚊虫种类和数量监测时,应以人帐法和灯诱法为主,辅以网捕法和人工小时法。
Objective To compare and monitor the mosquitoes of epidemic encephalitis (JE) in Zichuan and Zaoqing counties of Zibo City, and to investigate the species of mosquitoes in local JE cases for further prevention and treatment of JE in accordance with. Methods Mosquitoes were collected from three different habitats including paddy field, livestock and poultry house and residential area respectively by the method of account book, net catching, light trap and artificial hour. The mosquitoes were sorted and sorted into 50 pieces and put into liquid nitrogen tank Laboratory isolation of viruses; record the local temperature, humidity, wind speed and other environmental climatic factors. Results A total of 3,116 mosquitoes belonging to 5 genera and 7 species were captured in 3 habitats. The number of paddy fields was the largest, accounting for 61.6% of the total number of mosquitoes, followed by livestock houses, accounting for 24.1% and the lowest in residential areas, accounting for 14.3% Culex pipiens pallens and Culex pipiens pallens were the dominant mosquito species, accounting for 66.1% and 19.1% of the total catches, respectively. There was no paddy field in Zichuan District, the majority of Culex pipiens pallens were predominant, accounting for 43.6%, followed by Culex tritaeniorhynchus, accounting for 34.0%. Gaoqing County is dominated by paddy fields, with the largest population of Culex tritaeniorhynchus, accounting for 68.5% of the total, followed by Culex pipiens pallens, accounting for 24.9%. People account for the mosquitoes captured the most, accounting for 62.4%, followed by light trap law, accounting for 16.6%, 14.6% artificial hour method, net catching method only accounted for 6.4%. The peak of the sting of Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Culex pipiens pallens reached the peak during 0.5 ~ 1 h after sunset, lasting about 0 ~ 40 min, and the peak of Culet of Culex pipiens pallens lasted 20 min. Conclusion Culex tritaeniorhynchus may be the main transmission medium of Japanese encephalitis. When monitoring the species and quantity of wild mosquitoes, it should be mainly based on the human-account method and the light-induced method, supplemented by net-catching method and artificial-hour method.