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目的了解湘西地区城乡空巢老年人对基本公共卫生服务的知晓情况并分析其影响因素,为实施公共卫生服务项目管理提供参考。方法通过多阶段分层随机抽样,随机抽取673名空巢老年人,采用封闭式调查问卷和面对面访谈形式的调查方法,帮助老人理解并填写问卷,同时记录老人在调查过程中所反映的问题及其建议。结果城乡空巢老年人文化程度为小学及以下的构成比最大63.6%,最少的是大专和(或)本科以上2.9%。职业占据最多的是农民(61.4%),城乡空巢老年人各服务项目知晓率差异较大,乡镇空巢老年人对基本公共卫生服务机构环境满意度较低为81.2%,城乡空巢老年人对基层医疗机构的医疗服务水平满意度均较低,分别为78.2%和62.2%,673名受访城乡空巢老年人中,城市的大多数会选择县级以上的医院(39.8%),而农村的大多数选择村卫生室(35.8%)。结论湘西地区城乡空巢老年人之间的知晓率有一定差距,希望各级政府大力开展基本公共卫生服务,着重缩小城乡差距。健康档案管理服务、老年人健康管理服务的知晓率不高。基层医疗机构今后应加强对健康人群的服务,注重疾病的防治。
Objective To understand the status quo of the basic public health services for the elderly in urban and rural areas and their influencing factors in western Hunan and provide references for the implementation of public health service project management. Methods A total of 673 empty-nest seniors were randomly selected by stratified multistage stratified sampling. The methods of closed questionnaires and face-to-face interviews were used to help the elderly understand and fill in the questionnaire. At the same time, the problems reflected by the elderly during the investigation and Its advice. Results The urban-rural empty-nest elders had the highest educational attainment ratio of 63.6% at primary level and below, and the lowest was 2.9% at tertiary level and / or undergraduate level. The occupations occupy the largest number of peasants (61.4%), while the awareness rate of service items among the urban and rural empty-nest seniors is quite different. The satisfaction rate of the township empty-nest seniors to the basic public health service institutions is relatively low at 81.2% Satisfaction with the level of medical services in primary medical institutions was low, which was 78.2% and 62.2% respectively. Among the 673 urban-rural elderly neighbors surveyed, most of the cities chose hospitals (39.8%) at county level or above, The majority of rural residents choose village clinics (35.8%). Conclusion There is a certain gap between the awareness rate of the elderly in rural and urban empty-nest areas in Xiangxi. It is hoped that governments at all levels will vigorously carry out basic public health services and focus on narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas. Health records management services, the elderly awareness of health management services is not high. Grassroots medical institutions in the future should strengthen the services to healthy people, pay attention to the prevention and treatment of diseases.