目的探讨采用血液净化联合复方α-酮酸治疗尿毒症的临床疗效和安全性。方法将2011年1月-2012年2月间我院90例尿毒症患者随机分为两组各45例。对照组采用血液净化及其它常规治疗;观察组在对照组基础上给予口服复方α-酮酸治疗。两组患者均治疗10个月,观察比较两组患者治疗前后血清甲状旁腺素(PTH)、肌酐(Cr)、血尿素氮(BUN)等指标的变化,并对比临床疗效总有效率和不良反应发生率。结果两组患者经治疗后与治疗前相比血清甲状旁腺素(PTH)、肌酐(Cr)、血尿素氮(BUN)等指标均显著降低(P<0.05),且观察组降低程度与对照组相比有显著性差异(P<0.05);观察组总有效率高于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组均未发现严重不良反应。结论血液净化联合复方α-酮酸较单独采用血液净化法治疗尿毒症临床疗效更显著,可显著改善尿毒症患者的临床症状,且不良反应较小,值得临床推广应用。 Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of blood purification combined with compound α-keto acid in the treatment of uremia. Methods 90 patients with uremia in our hospital from January 2011 to February 2012 were randomly divided into two groups of 45 cases. The control group was treated with blood purification and other routine treatments. The observation group was given oral compound α-keto acid treatment on the basis of the control group. The patients in both groups were treated for 10 months. The changes of serum parathyroid hormone (PTH), creatinine (BUN) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. The total effective rate and the adverse effect were compared Response rate. Results Compared with before treatment, the serum parathyroid hormone (PTH), creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and other indexes in both groups were significantly decreased (P <0.05) (P <0.05). The total effective rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P <0.05). No serious adverse reactions were found in both groups. Conclusions Blood purification combined with compound α-keto acid is more effective than blood purification alone in the treatment of uremia, which can significantly improve the clinical symptoms of patients with uremia, and the adverse reactions are small, worthy of clinical application.