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用于热成形的工具承受的载荷比较复杂。为了使这类工具能经受高载荷,应对其进行渗氮处理,也可进行液体氮碳共渗,很少进行离子渗氮。然而,与气体渗氮相比,离子渗氮有一定的优越性,例如,较易实施局部渗氮、比较清洁等。高合金钢零件表面往往有起保护作用的氧化层,但也易于进行离子渗氮,因为在渗氮前可通过溅射将氧化层去除掉。介绍了用于渗氮处理的钢为常用来制作热成形工具的1.2367钢和1.2344钢。渗氮试验在气体渗氮炉和两台不同的离子渗氮炉中进行,因此可以对气体渗氮与离子渗氮和在不同炉子中进行的离子渗氮进行对比。其中的一台离子渗氮炉中还安装了活性屏,从而除了普通的离子渗氮外,还可以进行活性屏离子渗氮(ASPN)。从是否适宜处理锻造工具的角度探讨了不同渗氮工艺的优缺点。
Tools for thermoforming are subject to more complicated loads. In order for such tools to withstand high loads, nitriding should be performed on them, liquid nitrocarburizing can also be performed, and ion nitriding is scarce. However, compared with the gas nitriding, ion nitriding has some advantages, for example, easier to carry out partial nitriding, cleaner and so on. High-alloy steel parts tend to have protective oxide layers on the surface, but ion nitriding is also easy because the oxide layer can be removed by sputtering before nitriding. The steel used for nitriding is introduced into the 1.2367 and 1.2344 steels commonly used to make thermoforming tools. The nitriding test was performed in a gas nitriding furnace and in two different ion nitriding furnaces so that gas nitriding vs. ion nitriding can be compared to ion nitriding performed in different furnaces. One of the ion nitriding furnace also installed an active screen, which in addition to ordinary ion nitriding, but also for active screen ion nitriding (ASPN). The advantages and disadvantages of different nitriding processes are discussed from the perspective of whether it is suitable for forging tools.