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为解决挖掘机斗齿入土阻力大,易断裂的问题,该文利用Handyscan700扫描仪获取獾右前爪中趾表面的三维点云,提取獾爪趾的侧面轮廓曲线,并进行拟合得到曲线方程,将获取的曲线方程运用到斗齿的设计中,利用三维软件建立斗齿模型。运用有限元分析软件对仿生斗齿和80型斗齿的力学性能和切土过程进行数值模拟,对比分析了力学性能的差异以及能量损耗与切土深度的关系。采用快速成型加工技术加工出了仿生斗齿与80型斗齿试样。利用电子万能试验机对2种试样进行了楔土试验,测定了楔入阻力与楔入深度的关系。结果表明:在施加相同载荷的情况下,仿生斗齿所产生的最大等效应力小于80型斗齿的,破坏的可能性小,比较安全;当斗齿的入土深度相同时,仿生斗齿的消耗的能量总小于80型斗齿;在同样条件下,仿生斗齿的楔入阻力较80型斗齿低11.9%~12.6%。该文以獾爪趾为仿生原型设计的挖掘机斗齿不仅解决了工程中遇到的问题,还为减阻部件的开发提供了新思路,具有重要的参考价值。
In order to solve the problem of excavation bucket tooth penetration resistance and easy to fracture, this paper uses the Handyscan700 scanner to obtain the three-dimensional point cloud of the right front toe of the badger, extracts the side profile curve of the badgers paw toe, and obtains the curve equation, The obtained curve equation is applied to the design of bucket teeth, and the tooth model is established by using the three-dimensional software. The finite element analysis software was used to simulate the mechanical properties and the soil cutting process of the bionic teeth and the 80 teeth. The difference of mechanical properties and the relation between energy loss and soil cutting depth were analyzed. Using rapid prototyping technology to process the bionic teeth and 80 teeth samples. The wedge test was carried out on two kinds of samples by electronic universal testing machine, and the relationship between wedging resistance and wedging depth was measured. The results show that under the same load, the maximum equivalent stress generated by the bionic teeth is smaller than that of the 80 teeth, and the possibility of damage is small and safer. When the depth of penetration of the teeth is the same, The total energy consumed is less than that of type 80; under the same conditions, the wedging resistance of bionic teeth is 11.9% ~ 12.6% lower than that of type 80. In this paper, the badger clawed toe for the bionic prototype designed excavator bucket teeth not only to solve the problems encountered in the project, but also for the development of drag reduction components provides a new way of thinking, has an important reference value.