太平军作为一个高度建制化的心理群体,其心理纽带主要表现为认同关系。作为教会,这种认同关系的基础是平等;作为军队,这种认同关系的基础是效忠。天京事变破坏了原有的教权结构,洪秀全试图用血缘主义的模式重新构建一个神性逻辑,这使得平等遭到破坏。作为既是教会又是军队的太平军,这直接影响到太平军将士的效忠意识。以至于天京城破之际出现集体恐慌,民间原有的神怪观念冲破了拜上帝教信仰。其原因在于太平天国政权结构与教权结构的固有缺陷,以及在中西文化碰撞的大背景下太平军将士出现的认同混乱,同时也和拜上帝教固有宗教理念中的消极因素有关,所有这些都是导致太平天国败亡的重要原因。 Taiping as a highly institutionalized psychological group, the psychological bond is mainly manifested in identity. As churches, this identity is based on equality; as an army, the basis for such identification is allegiance. The Tianjing Incident destroyed the original teaching structure. Hong Xiuquan attempted to reconstruct a divine logic in a bloodist mode, which destroyed equality. As a Taiping army that is both a church and an army, this directly affects the allegiance of the Taipings. As a result, there was a collective panic on the occasion of the collapse of Tianjing City. The original concept of the gods and people in the community broke through the belief in worship of God. The reason is that the inherent defects of the Taiping Rebellion’s power structure and power structure, as well as the confusion of identity of the Taipings in the context of the collision of Chinese and Western cultures, are also related to the negative factors in worshiping God’s inherent religious ideal, all of which are An important reason for the fall of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.