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采用4种冷金属过渡焊接工艺(CMT)分别在不同热输入水平下,使用ER2319焊丝进行AA2219-T851高强铝合金的平板堆焊成形,全面分析其焊缝成形和气孔分布特征。结果表明,常规CMT焊缝具有明显指状熔深特征,气孔缺陷严重并呈全焊缝分布状态;CMT-P焊缝母材熔化面积明显增大,气孔数量显著减少且在适当控制热输入时有助于消除气孔;CMT-ADV焊缝也具有指状熔深特征但熔深显著减小;CMT-PADV焊缝具有显著球形熔滴成形特征且熔深最小,两工艺低热输入和对焊丝表面氧化膜的清理作用有助于消除气孔。
Using four kinds of cold-metal transition welding process (CMT), ER2319 welding wire was used to form surfacing of AA2219-T851 high-strength aluminum alloy under different heat input levels. The weld forming and stomatal distribution characteristics were comprehensively analyzed. The results show that the conventional CMT weld has obvious finger-like penetration characteristics, and the stomatal defects are serious and all-weld distribution. The melted area of the base metal of the CMT-P weld increases obviously and the number of stomata decreases significantly. When proper heat input is controlled CMT-ADV weld also has the characteristics of finger-like penetration but the penetration depth is significantly reduced. The CMT-PADV weld has significant spherical droplet formation characteristics and the minimum penetration depth. Both the low heat input and the welding wire surface Oxide membrane cleaning helps to eliminate pores.