As a neuroprotective drug for the treatment of ischemic stroke, 3-n-butylphthalide, a celery seed ex-tract, has been approved by the State Food and Drug Administration of China as a clinical therapeutic drug for ischemic stroke patients. L-3-n-butylphthalide possesses significant efficacy in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke. The activated Akt kinase pathway can prevent the death of nerve cel s and exhibit neuroprotective effects in the brain after stroke. This study provides the hypothesis that l-3-n-butylphthalide has a certain therapeutic effect on vascular dementia, and its mechanism depends on the activation of the Akt kinase pathway. A vascular dementia mouse model was established by cere-bral repetitive ischemia/reperfusion, and intragastrical y administered l-3-n-butylphthalide daily for 28 consecutive days after ischemia/reperfusion, or 7 consecutive days before ischemia/reperfusion. The Morris water maze test showed significant impairment of spatial leing and memory at 4 weeks after operation, but intragastric administration of l-3-n-butylphthalide, especial y pretreatment with l-3-n-butylphthalide, significantly reversed these changes. Thionine staining and west blot analylsis showed that preventive and therapeutic application of l-3-n-butylphthalide can reduce loss of pyrami-dal neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region and al eviate nerve damage in mice with vascular demen-tia. In addition, phosphorylated Akt expression in hippocampal tissue increased significantly after l-3-n-butylphthalide treatment. Experimental findings demonstrate that l-3-n-butylphthalide has preventive and therapeutic effects on vascular dementia, and its mechanism may be mediated by upregulation of phosphorylated Akt in the hippocampus.