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目的探讨腭鞘管后部的浅沟(以下简称后沟)在翼腭窝入路内镜手术及翼腭窝区域横断面CT中定位腭鞘管的解剖标记作用。方法选取20例颅骨标本,将探针置入腭鞘管以明确该管。在多层螺旋CT(MSCT)上观测腭鞘管及后沟并测量数据,并与传统方法定位腭鞘管的正确率比较。内镜下解剖颅骨和尸头的腭鞘管及后沟,进一步显示后沟的解剖标记作用。结果颅骨后沟的出现率为100%(40/40),腭鞘管后口附近为半管状,较浅者26侧,较深者14侧;前后外观呈细管状24侧,长椭圆形凹陷状16侧。影像学上腭鞘管与硬腭的夹角为(53.14±5.48)°,后沟与硬腭的夹角为(20.93±6.28)°,差异有统计学意义。后沟法对腭鞘管的定位准确率高于传统法,差异有统计学意义。结论内镜解剖、颅骨CT图像、CT横断面上两种定位腭鞘管方法对比显示了腭鞘管与后沟的解剖关系,提示后沟在经鼻翼腭窝入路内镜手术及翼腭窝区域横断面CT中帮助定位腭鞘管的优越性和解剖标记作用。
Objective To investigate the anatomical labeling of the palatal sheath in the pterygopalatine fossa pedis and the pterygopalatine fossa in the pterygopalatine fossa. Methods Twenty skull specimens were selected and placed into the palatal sheath to clarify the tube. The palatal sheath and posterior groove were observed on MSCT and the data were compared with the accuracy of the traditional method in positioning the palatal sheath. Endoscopic dissection of the skull and cadaver head of the palatal sheath and the ditch, further showing the role of the ditch anatomical mark. Results The incidence rate of posterior sulcus was 100% (40/40). The posterior orifice of the palatal sheath was semi-tubular, with a shallower 26th and a deeper 14th. 16-shaped side. The angle between the palatal sheath and the hard palate was (53.14 ± 5.48) ° and the angle between the posterior groove and the hard palate was (20.93 ± 6.28) °. The difference was statistically significant. Posterior ditch method for positioning the palatal sheath accuracy rate higher than the traditional method, the difference was statistically significant. Conclusions The anatomical relationship between the palatal sheath and the posterior groove of the palatal sheath is anatomized by endoscopic anatomy, skull CT images and CT positioning of the two types of palatal sheaths. It is suggested that the posterior ditch posterior via the nasal pterygopalatine approach and the pterygopalatine fossa Regional cross-sectional CT to help locate the superiority of the palatal sheath and anatomical markers.