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目的对新生儿重症监护病房医院感染的发生情况及预防进行分析。方法选取398例在我院重症监护病房发生医院感染的新生儿,观察并分析该398例医院感染发生的情况及其相关因素,为进一步采取相关预防措施提供理论依据,降低医院感染的发生。结果在选取的398例发生医院感染患儿中,胎龄≤37周的新生儿发生的感染率(26.85%)明显高于胎龄≥37周新生儿发生感染率(1.85%)。1100g≤体重≤1500g的新生儿发生感染率(27.27%)明显高于2500g≤体重≤4800g新生儿发生感染率(1.53%),住院时间≥18天发生的感染率(26.43%)明显高于住院时间≤7天发生的感染率(1.41%)。入侵操作的次数≥2次的感染率(26.36%)明显高于没有入侵操作的感染率(0.99%),差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论出生体重越低、住院时间越长、胎龄越小、侵入性操作越多发生医院感染的例数越多,针对此相关因素采用积极的应对措施,重点关注胎龄小,体重低的新生儿,减少侵入性的操作,在操作前严格遵守无菌操作原则,能有效地降低医院感染的发生。
Objective To analyze the incidence and prevention of nosocomial infection in neonatal intensive care unit. Methods A total of 398 newborns with nosocomial infection in our intensive care unit were selected. The incidence and related factors of the 398 nosocomial infections in our hospital were observed and analyzed to provide a theoretical basis for further preventive measures and to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections. Results Among the 398 hospital-acquired nosocomial infections, the infection rate (26.85%) in newborns with gestational age ≤37 weeks was significantly higher than that in neonates with gestational age ≥37 weeks (1.85%). The infection rate (27.27%) was higher in neonates with 1100g ≤ body weight ≤ 1500g than in those with 2500g ≤ body weight ≤ 4800g (1.53%), and the hospitalization time ≥ 18 days (26.43%) was significantly higher than that in hospital The rate of infection that occurred ≤7 days (1.41%). The infection rate (26.36%) was higher than that without invasion (0.99%), the difference was significant (P <0.05). Conclusions The lower the birth weight, the longer the hospitalization, the smaller the gestational age, the more the number of cases of nosocomial infections in the invasive operation, and the positive coping measures for this related factor, with a focus on the newborn with small gestational age and low body weight Children, reduce the invasive operation, strictly abide by the principle of aseptic technique before operation, can effectively reduce the occurrence of nosocomial infections.