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为了明确甲酸乙酯在检疫处理香蕉(Musa paradisiaca)携带杰克贝尔氏粉蚧(Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi Gimpel et Miller)中应用的可能,本文在13℃下,使用一系列浓度的甲酸乙酯结合15%二氧化碳对杰克贝尔氏粉蚧和海南巴西蕉(Musa paradisiaca)进行了2.5 h熏蒸处理,并测定了甲酸乙酯熏蒸对各虫态杰克贝尔氏粉蚧的毒性及香蕉品质的影响。结果表明香蕉对甲酸乙酯有较强的吸附作用,装载率为40%的条件下,投药后10 min的浓度仅约为投药剂量的30%,熏蒸2.5 h后已不能检测到熏蒸空间中的甲酸乙酯。对各虫态粉蚧的毒力结果表明,粉蚧各虫态对甲酸乙酯的耐受性为卵>雌成虫>若虫,90 g/m3甲酸乙酯熏蒸2.5 h可完全杀灭各虫态粉蚧。品质测定结果表明,甲酸乙酯熏蒸对香蕉的可溶性糖、总酸度和硬度等内部品质无明显影响。本文的结果表明,甲酸乙酯熏蒸能够在储藏温度下有效杀灭各虫态杰克贝尔氏粉蚧,且对香蕉品质无不利影响,因而在水果外食性害虫的检疫处理中具应用前景。
In order to clarify the potential of ethyl formate in the quarantine treatment of banana (Musa paradisiaca) carrying Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi Gimpel et Miller, a series of concentrations of ethyl formate combined with 15% of carbon dioxide Jackbean’s mealybugs and Musa paradisiaca were subjected to fumigation treatment for 2.5 h. The effects of ethyl formate fumigation on the toxicity and banana quality of Jack beetle mealybugs were also determined. The results showed that banana has a strong adsorption of ethyl formate, the loading rate of 40% under the conditions of 10 min after dosing concentration is only about 30% of the dose, after 2.5 h fumigation can not be detected in the fumigation space Ethyl formate. The results of the virulence of mealybugs showed that the tolerance of the mealybug to each ethyl formate was eggs> female adults> nymphs, and fumigation of 90 g / m3 ethyl formate for 2.5 h completely killed all the insect states Mealy ground. The results of quality measurement showed that ethyl formate fumigation had no significant effect on the internal quality of banana such as soluble sugar, total acidity and hardness. The results of this paper show that ethyl formate fumigation can effectively kill the jackbe bombyx mori at storage temperature without adversely affecting the quality of bananas, and thus has the application prospect in the quarantine treatment of the fruit edible pests.