目的　探讨 IL - 6与 TNF-α在流行性乙型脑炎 (乙脑 )发病中的作用及其与预后的关系。方法　以酶免疫法检测 IL- 6、TNF- α水平。结果　血清及脑脊液中的 IL- 6、TNF- α水平与病型有关 ,极重型 >重型 >普通型 >轻型。急性期血清及脑脊液中 TNF- α水平在死亡或恶化组高于好转组 ,好转组高于痊愈组 ,IL- 6与预后之间关系不明显。结论　TNF- α、IL- 6与乙脑病情有关 ,动态检测有助于判断病情及预后 Objective To investigate the role of IL - 6 and TNF - α in the pathogenesis of Japanese encephalitis (JE) and its relationship with prognosis. Methods Enzyme immunoassay was used to detect the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α. Results The levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in serum and cerebrospinal fluid were related to the type of disease, and severe> heavy> normal> light. The levels of TNF-αin serum and cerebrospinal fluid of acute stage were higher than that of the improvement group, and the recovery group was higher than that of the recovery group. The relationship between IL-6 and prognosis was not obvious. Conclusion TNF-α, IL-6 and JE’s disease, dynamic detection will help determine the condition and prognosis