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肿瘤专家要从手术、放疗、化疗或综合治疗中选择最有效的手段,就必须了解所有治疗方案的原则。本文复习各肿瘤的基本放射生物学特点、重温放疗和手术或放射增敏剂合用及各种不同于5次/周的非常规放疗方案的理论和临床运用。一、历史背景发现X 线和镭的同时即出现了第一种根治肿瘤的经典术式,即Halsted 乳癌根治术:切除乳腺肿瘤、腋窝淋巴结及锁骨上阳性淋巴结。X 线和镭最初用于治疗皮肤肿瘤时,肿瘤临床消失魔术般地看不出能量转移证据,对此现象人们不得不寻求生物学上的解释。
For oncologists to choose the most effective means from surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or combination therapy, they must understand the principles of all treatment options. This article reviews the basic radiobiological characteristics of each tumor, the combination of rewarming radiotherapy and surgery or radiosensitizers, and the theoretical and clinical applications of various non-radiotherapy regimens that differ from 5 cycles/week. First, the historical background found that the X-ray and radium at the same time there has been the first radical surgery to cure cancer, Halsted breast cancer radical surgery: resection of breast cancer, axillary lymph nodes and supraclavicular lymph nodes. When X-rays and radium were first used to treat skin tumors, the clinical disappearance of the tumor magically does not show evidence of energy transfer, and people have to seek a biological explanation for this phenomenon.