目前,对女性乳癌应用全乳腺切除术或者某种改良式根治术,被认为是唯一的天经地义的治疗方法。但无数的证据表明,对许多病人这些手术并不能达到治疗的目的。一些外科大夫只做瘤块的切除或四分之一乳腺切除,取得了与单纯乳腺切除或乳腺根治术相同的效果。但由于过分强调存活率的统计数字,而忽视了放疗和化疗的作用,已把一些基本问题弄得含混不清。因而尽管乳腺切除有很多缺点,但许多医生仍然在考虑哪种类型乳腺切除术更好,并把它作为治疗本病的主要方法。外科手术只能解决局部问题。一且肿瘤发展超出乳腺其存活率就不取决于做何种手术。而乳癌患者就诊时多数已有潜在转移,这种转移印使应用近代技术也难以发现。局部 At present, the application of total mastectomy or some kind of modified radical mastectomy for female breast cancer is considered to be the only natural treatment. However, there is innumerable evidence that for many patients these procedures do not achieve the goal of treatment. Some surgical doctors only had tumor resections or quarter-breast resections and achieved the same effect as simple mastectomy or radical mastectomy. However, due to over-emphasis on the statistics of the survival rate and ignoring the effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, some basic issues have been confused. Thus despite the many drawbacks of breast resection, many doctors are still considering which type of mastectomy is better, and use it as the main method to treat this disease. Surgery can only solve partial problems. First, the survival rate of the tumor beyond the breast does not depend on the type of surgery. The majority of breast cancer patients have potential metastases when they visit the clinic. This metastasis makes it difficult to find modern techniques. Local