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人工林生态系统的固碳作用对缓解全球气候变化发挥着重大的作用。以山西太岳山31年生落叶松人工林为研究对象,通过野外调查和室内分析,对其生物量、各组分碳含量、碳储量及空间分布进行了测定。结果表明:1)华北落叶松单木生物量和胸径、树高之间存在紧密的相关关系。林分平均生物量为166.82t·hm~(-2)。各层次按大小排列为:乔木层(111.95t·hm~(-2))>枯落物层(36.67t·hm~(-2))>草本层(17.85t·hm~(-2))>灌木层(0.35t·hm~(-2))。2)华北落叶松人工林生态系统各组分平均碳含量为(单位:g C·g~(-1)):树干0.4846、树皮0.5030、树枝0.4753、树叶0.4732、根系0.4563、灌木层0.4161、草本层0.2898、土壤层(0~60cm)0.0176,随着土壤深度增加碳含量逐渐降低。3)华北落叶松人工林生态系统总碳储量为178.3t·hm~(-2),其中土壤层为最大碳库,储量为112.97t·hm~(-2),占总碳储量的63.36%。植被层总碳储量为59.06t·hm~(-2),占总碳储量的33.13%。按大小顺序排列为乔木层54.06t·hm~(-2)、草本层4.85t·hm~(-2)、灌木层0.15t·hm~(-2)。枯落物层碳储量为6.26t·hm~(-2),占总储量的3.51%。4)华北落叶松人工林乔木层年净生产力为9.21t·hm~(-2)·a~(-1),碳素年平均固定量为4.38t·hm~(-2)·a~(-1)。
Carbon sequestration in plantation ecosystems plays a significant role in mitigating global climate change. The 31-year-old Larix sylvestris plantation in Taiyue Mountain of Shanxi Province was taken as the research object. Through field investigation and laboratory analysis, its biomass, carbon content, carbon storage and spatial distribution were determined. The results showed that: 1) Larix principis-rupprechtii had close correlations with DBH and tree height. The average stand biomass was 166.82 t · hm -2. The order of the layers was as follows: tree layer (111.95t · hm -2)> litter layer (36.67t · hm -2)> herb layer (17.85t · hm -2) > Shrub layer (0.35t · hm -2). 2) The average carbon content of each component of Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation ecosystem (unit: g C · g -1): trunk 0.4846, bark 0.5030, branch 0.4753, leaf 0.4732, root 0.4563, shrub layer 0.4161, Herb layer 0.2898, soil layer (0 ~ 60cm) 0.0176, with the increase of soil depth, the carbon content decreased gradually. 3) The total carbon storage of Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation ecosystem is 178.3t · hm -2, among which, the soil layer is the largest carbon deposit with the reserve of 112.97t · hm -2, accounting for 63.36% . The total carbon storage in the vegetation layer was 59.06 t · hm -2, accounting for 33.13% of the total carbon storage. The order was 54.06 t · hm -2, 4.85 t · hm -2 for herb layer and 0.15 t · hm -2 for shrub layer. The litter carbon storage was 6.26t · hm -2, accounting for 3.51% of the total reserves. 4) The net annual productivity of arbor layer in Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation was 9.21 t · hm -2 · a -1, and the average annual carbon fixation was 4.38 t · hm -2 · a ~ -1).