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目的分析和掌握新疆玛纳斯县人群包虫病发病状况及流行特点,为科学制定人群包虫病防治策略提供参考依据。方法收集整理2011─2015年玛纳斯县包虫病网络信息系统数据及监测资料,采用Spss 18.0软件进行统计学分析。结果 2011─2015年玛纳斯县共报告人群包虫病病人50例,年均发病率为7.17/10万,且逐年略有上升的趋势,不同年度发病率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=11.64,P<0.05);病人主要分布在半农半牧区(42.00%)和牧区(32.00%),占发病总数的74.00%,农区和城区发病相对较少,病例构成差异有统计学意义(χ~2=6.48,P<0.05);平均发病年龄43.21岁,以40岁~组最高(占32.00%),30岁~组次之(24.00%),构成差异有统计学意义(χ~2=6.06,P<0.05);病人职业以半农半牧者(占28.00%)和牧民(占22.00%)为主,占病例总数的50.00%,构成差异有统计学意义(χ~2=7.01,P<0.05);儿童血清学检测平均阳性率为5.38%,牧区较高为7.71%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=11.14,P<0.05);家犬平均感染率为2.67%,家畜平均患病率6.01%;农牧民和学生包虫病防治知识知晓率逐渐提高。结论玛纳斯县包虫病发病率处于较高水平,且有上升趋势;在加强农区和牧区防治工作的同时,应做好包虫病防治知识的健康教育工作。
Objective To analyze and grasp the etiological status and epidemic characteristics of hydatid disease among people in Manas County, Xinjiang, and to provide a reference for the scientific development of human hydatid disease prevention and control strategies. Methods The data and monitoring data of echinococcosis network information system in Manas County from 2011 to 2015 were collected and analyzed by using Spss 18.0 software. Results A total of 50 hydatid disease patients were reported in Manas County from 2011 to 2015, with an average annual incidence rate of 7.17 / 100 000 and a slight upward trend year by year. The incidence rates in different years were significantly different (χ ~ 2 = 11.64, P <0.05). The patients were mainly distributed in the semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral areas (42.00%) and the pastoral areas (32.00%), accounting for 74.00% of the total number of cases. There were relatively fewer cases in rural and urban areas with statistically significant differences (χ ~ 2 = 6.48, P <0.05). The average age of onset was 43.21 years old, the highest was 40 years old (32.00%) and the second was 30 years old (24.00%). The difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 6.06, P <0.05). The occupations of the patients were dominated by semi-agricultural and semi-pastoralists (28.00%) and pastoralists (22.00%), accounting for 50.00% of the total number of cases with statistically significant differences (χ ~ 2 = 7.01, P <0.05). The positive rate of serological detection was 5.38% in children and 7.71% in pastoral areas, the difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 11.14, P <0.05) , The average prevalence of livestock 6.01%; peasants and herdsmen and students awareness of echinococcosis awareness gradually increased. Conclusions The incidence of hydatid disease in Manas County is at a high level and there is an increasing trend. While strengthening the prevention and control work in rural areas and pastoral areas, we should do a good job in the health education of hydatid disease prevention and control knowledge.