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芝麻受黑斑病菌侵害后,叶片上常常产生两种不同类型的病斑。一种是直径3—10毫米,暗褐色或黑褐色,病斑上产生黑色霉状物的不规则形大病斑;另一种是直径1—3毫米,轮纹不明显,边缘暗褐色稍隆起,内部淡褐色,呈圆形或近圆形小病斑。危害严重时,常常导致病叶枯死早落,产量明显降低。防治方法除选用抗病品种(黑芝麻)和适期晚播,以及与禾本科或豆科作物轮作(一年以上)避免重茬外,还应注意搞好花期的药剂防治工作。具体做法是:在初花期,当田间50%植株下层可见13—14个花时,用40%复方多菌灵胶悬剂800倍液进行喷洒。至盛花期,当田间50%植株可见60—70个花时,再用以上药液喷洒一次,一般防治效果可达98%。但施药后24小时内遇雨应补喷一次。
After sesame affected by Alternaria, two different types of lesions are often found on leaves. One is 3-10 mm in diameter, dark brown or dark brown, spots on the black mold mildew irregular large lesions; the other is 1-3 mm in diameter, the wheel pattern is not obvious, slightly dark brown edge Uplift, internal light brown, round or nearly circular lesion. Serious damage, often lead to sick leaves early fall, yield was significantly reduced. Control methods In addition to the selection of resistant varieties (black sesame) and late seeding, and grasses or leguminous crops rotation (more than one year) to avoid heavy cropping, but also pay attention to flowering Pharmacy prevention and control. Specific approach is: at the beginning of flowering, when the lower reaches of 50% of the plants can be seen when the flowers 13-14, with 40% compound carbendazim suspension 800 times spraying. To flowering, when the field of 50% of the plants visible 60-70 flowers, and then spraying the above liquid, the general control effect of up to 98%. However, within 24 hours after application should be filled with rain spray once.