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采用自由分类法,以实龄相同的智力正常儿童为参照,考察低、中、高年级弱智儿童常见食物的概念结构,比较弱智儿童与正常儿童概念发展的异同。结果表明:弱智儿童的概念水平随着年龄增长而提高,概念联系类型由以SF联系为主向以分类学关系为主转变,概念发展趋势与正常儿童相同,但在速度和水平上却大大落后于正常儿童。教育与环境在弱智儿童的概念发展中起重要作用。
Using the free classification method, the concept structure of common foods of mentally handicapped children in lower, middle and upper grades was compared with that of normal children of the same age, and the similarities and differences between concepts of mentally handicapped children and normal children were compared. The results show that the conceptual level of mentally handicapped children increases with age. The conceptual connection type changes from SF-oriented to taxonomic-oriented, with the same trend of concept development as that of normal children, but lags far behind in terms of speed and level For normal children. Education and environment play an important role in the conceptual development of mentally handicapped children.