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审判实践中刑事附带民事案件被害人权利实现的现状并不令人满意,一方面附带民事赔偿不到位,导致当事人上访、闹访的现象屡有发生;另一方面精神损害赔偿也存在差别待遇,各地法院不一致的做法严重影响了司法的权威。被害人权利保护存在困境,主要和司法环境的制约以及立法模式选择、制度设计等因素有关。本文认为,要加强被害人的权利保护,一是要适用先予执行措施,完善财产保全措施、轻罪和解制度和减刑、假释制度;二是要加强调解,建立量刑从轻幅度的考量标准;三是要从立法上明确将精神损害赔偿纳入赔偿范围,明确未被刑事起诉的共同致害人的责任承担;四是要建立刑事被害人国家补偿制度。
The status quo of the realization of victims’ rights in criminal incidental civil cases in trial practice is not satisfactory. On the one hand, incidental civil compensation is not in place, resulting in repeated appeals and misconducts; on the other hand, compensation for mental damages also varies. Inconsistent courts seriously affect the authority of the judiciary. Victim protection exists predicament mainly due to the constraints of the judicial environment and the legislative model choice, system design and other factors. This paper argues that to strengthen the protection of victims’ rights, the first is to apply the measures first, perfect the property preservation measures, the misdemeanor reconciliation system and the commutation and parole system; the second is to strengthen the mediation and establish the light measurement standards; It is necessary to explicitly incorporate the compensation for mental damages into the scope of compensation from the legislation and make it clear what the responsibility of the co-victim who has not been charged with criminal prosecution is; Fourth, we must establish a national compensation system for criminal victims.