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为了解浒苔绿潮对周边海域环境影响,在海阳和日照海域进行了8个航次的水质和浮游植物监测。结果表明,海区共采集到浮游植物62种,隶属于4门31属。其中硅藻门20属45种,占总种数的72.58%;甲藻门8属14种,占总种数的22.58%;黄藻门2属2种,占总种数的3.23%;金藻1属1种,占总种数的1.61%。浮游植物平均数量为352.3×10~4ind·m~3,其中硅藻平均324.2×10~4 ind·m~3,约占总数的92.02%;甲藻平均为23.6×10~4 ind·m~(-3),约占总数的6.70%;其他种类平均为4.5×10~4ind·m~(-3),约占总数的1.28%。海区物种丰度平均为1.266,变化范围为0.96～1.89,多样性指数平均为3.012,变化范围为2.06～4.17,均匀度平均为0.638,变化范围为0.43～0.79。浮游植物细胞数量平面分布总体呈现出由近岸向远海递减趋势。两海区浮游植物群落演替具有相似性,第一优势种经历了旋链角毛藻一三角角藻一窄隙角毛藻一中肋骨条藻一菱形海线藻的演替过程。海阳和日照近海平均富营养化指数分别为0.115和0.189,整个监测期间海区水质均成贫营养化状态。浒苔过量生长主要影响浮游植物数量和种群构成,特别是营养盐大幅消耗后,硅藻数量大幅减少,群落结构由三角角藻和叉状角藻等甲藻取代硅藻成为主要种群。浒苔死亡、腐烂分解后,海区底层活性磷酸盐较表层偏高,浒苔绿潮暴发严重的海阳近海尤为明显。
In order to understand the environmental impact of the Enteromorpha tundra on the surrounding sea areas, eight voyages of water quality and phytoplankton monitoring were conducted in the sea areas of Haiyang and Rizhao. The results showed that 62 species of phytoplankton were collected in the sea area, belonging to 4 31 genera. Among them, there are 45 species of 20 genera, accounting for 72.58% of the total species; 14 species of 8 genera of the phylum, accounting for 22.58% of the total species; 2 species belonging to 2 genera, accounting for 3.23% of the total species; Algae 1 is a species, accounting for 1.61% of the total species. The average number of phytoplankton was 352.3 × 10 ~ 4 ind · m ~ 3, of which the diatoms averaged 324.2 × 10 ~ 4 ind · m ~ 3, accounting for 92.02% of the total; the average dinoflagellate was 23.6 × 10 ~ 4 ind · m ~ (-3), accounting for 6.70% of the total; other species average 4.5 × 10 ~ 4ind · m -3, accounting for 1.28% of the total. The average species abundance in the sea area was 1.266, the range of variation was 0.96-1.89, the average diversity index was 3.012, the range of variation was 2.06-4.17, the evenness average was 0.638, and the range of variation was 0.43-0.79. The overall distribution of phytoplankton cell number showed a decreasing trend from nearshore to far sea. The succession of phytoplankton communities in the two sea areas was similar, and the first dominant species experienced the succession process of Rhododendron simianii and Thalassiosira aridana. The average sea-level eutrophication index of Haiyang and sunshine were 0.115 and 0.189, respectively. During the whole monitoring period, the water quality of the sea area became an impoverished state. The excessive growth of Enteromorpha major impact on the number of phytoplankton and population composition, especially after the drastic nutrient consumption, the number of diatoms significantly reduced, community structure by dinoflagellates Triangle algae and fork tortoise algae become the main population. Enteromorpha death, decay decomposition, the bottom of the sea area of active phosphate higher than the surface, green seaweed outbreak of serious Haiyang offshore is particularly evident.