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选择亚洲中部典型干涸尾闾湖——艾比湖干涸湖底及其下风向约200km的范围为研究区,并把研究区分为干涸湖底风蚀区和盐尘扩散堆积区两个子区.通过对两子区连续多年野外实地观测、采样分析、定点试验等手段,研究了干涸湖底表层沉积物的化学组成、湖底风蚀动态和盐尘的扩散堆积规律.结果表明,艾比湖干涸湖底不同地表形态(结晶盐壳、盐-淤泥-黏土壳、风蚀堆积壳)间可溶性盐含量差异显著,盐类混合物中以硫酸盐和氯化物为主,二者基本占全部可溶性盐的90%,碳酸盐含量甚微.春秋两季是湖底风蚀和盐碱尘暴的高发期,盐分堆积动态与风期变化一致,春、秋两季大风期,降尘中盐通量最高;冬、夏两季降尘中盐通量较低.干涸湖底下风向盐尘的堆积强度以精河为中心分别向西北和东北方向递减,盐尘在风运过程中表现出显著的分异规律,硫酸盐比氯化物具有更远距离的迁移能力.
The typical dry-dry lake in Central Asia - the area of 200km below the dry lake and its downwind of Lake Aibi, is selected as the study area, and the study area is divided into two sub-areas, the dry lake bottom wind erosion area and salt dust dust accumulation area, The results showed that the surface morphology of the dry lake lake in Abei Lake (crystallization Salt shell, salt-silt-clay shell and wind-erosion accumulation shell). There were significant differences between the two groups in the content of soluble salt, which was mainly composed of sulfate and chloride. Both of them accounted for 90% of the total soluble salt. The spring and autumn seasons are the high incidence of lake bottom wind erosion and saline-alkali dust storm, and the changes of salt accumulation are consistent with those of the wind period. In the spring and autumn seasons, the salt flux is the highest in the dustfall; And the accumulation strength of salt dust in the windward and desiccated lake decreased to the northwest and northeast respectively with Jinghe as the center, and the salt and dust showed a remarkable law of differentiation during the wind transportation, and the sulfate was more than chlorides Long-distance mobility.