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为了明确肥料氮素在模拟土柱中的迁移转化特征,通过布置室内模拟土柱试验,研究了3倍常规施肥水平下(360mg.kg-1)水稻土中矿质氮的变化.结果表明:不同处理、不同土层间NH4+-N和NO3--N含量差异显著.不施肥对照在整个培养期间养分含量变化不大,不同土层间亦没有显著性差异.施用尿素和硫铵后,土壤NH4+-N和NO3--N含量显著提高,尤其是0～50mm土层内,分别达到186.0～2882.1mg.kg-1和268.7～351.5mg.kg-1,分别相当于对照的4.8～242倍和5.7～316倍,50mm以下各土层与对照处理相似,表明肥料氮素的迁移转化主要发生在0～50mm土层内,并且在培养的前14d变化最大.整个培养期间不同土层内,硫铵处理不同矿质态氮含量是尿素处理的0.7～2.0倍,硝化率是尿素处理的0.9～1.4倍,表明硫铵在水稻土中的转化效率略高于尿素.
In order to clarify the migration and transformation characteristics of fertilizer nitrogen in simulated soil column, the changes of mineral nitrogen in paddy soil under 3 times conventional fertilization level (360mg.kg-1) were studied by arranging indoor simulated soil column test.The results showed that: The content of NH4 + -N and NO3 - N in different soil layers was significantly different.Non - fertilization control had little change in nutrient content during the whole culture period, and there was no significant difference in different soil layers.Under the application of urea and ammonium sulfate, the soil NH4 + N and NO3 - N contents increased significantly, especially in the 0 ~ 50mm soil layer, reaching 186.0 ~ 2882.1mg.kg-1 and 268.7 ~ 351.5mg.kg-1, respectively, which were equivalent to 4.8 ~ The soil layers under 5.7 ~ 316 times and 50mm were similar to the control, indicating that the transformation and transformation of fertilizer nitrogen occurred mainly in 0 ~ 50mm soil layer, and the maximum change occurred in the first 14 days of culture. Ammonium treatment of different mineral nitrogen content of 0.7 to 2.0 times the urea treatment, nitrification rate of 0.9 to 1.4 times that of urea treatment, indicating that ammonium sulfate in paddy soil conversion efficiency slightly higher than urea.