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美术史是人类文明体现中一个重要的分支,其目的在从历史的角度对人类以往的视觉艺术进行科学归类与科学研究,进而获得对其他历史现象的深入理解。早在18世纪,德国大学里就开始举办美术史与考古学讲座,到了1844年柏林大学设立了第一个美术史教席,标志着美术史成为了大学的一门正式学科。至19世纪70年代,在维也纳工艺美术博物馆召开了世界第一次美术史大会。到那时为止,在德语国家已设立永久性美术史教席的大学有波恩大学、维也纳大学、斯特拉斯堡大学、莱比锡大学、柏林大学、布拉格大学等,并为20世纪的发展奠定了坚实的学术基础。
Art history is an important branch of human civilization. Its purpose is to classify and study the past human visual arts scientifically from a historical point of view, and to gain a deeper understanding of other historical phenomena. As early as the 18th century, German universities began to hold lectures on the history of art and archeology. By 1844, the first art history chair was established at the University of Berlin, marking the beginning of the history of art as an official university discipline. By the 1870s, the world’s first art history conference was held at the Vienna Museum of Art and Design. Until then, universities in the German-speaking countries that have set up permanent posts of fine arts history include the University of Bonn, the University of Vienna, the University of Strasbourg, the University of Leipzig, the University of Berlin and the University of Prague, and laid the foundation for the development of the 20th century A solid academic foundation.