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自1978年我国推进改革以来,国有企业改革的确取得了巨大成效。但是,30年来,改革中出现的“存续企业问题”、“边缘性企业问题”和“基础设施领域国有企业改革路径问题”三大难题,依然未得到有效破解。治理存续企业的关键是基于企业价值链和产业价值链,推进企业再造与产业再造;治理边缘性企业是核心,是要从深化垄断行业的国企改革入手,消除边缘性企业生存的空间,其中的关键是按照“超产权理论”的要求引入商业化竞争;采用“普系法、分步走”的改革思路来推进基础设施领域,国有企业改革,普遍引入公企业制度,把基于单独立法的公企业再细分为A、B、C、D四类,按照与之相对应的不同企业组织路线进行分步改革。
Since China’s reform was promoted in 1978, the reform of state-owned enterprises has indeed achieved tremendous results. However, over the past 30 years, the three major problems of “existing enterprises”, “marginal enterprises” and “problems of state-owned enterprises reform in infrastructure” that emerged during the reform are still not effectively solved. The key to the governance of the surviving enterprises is to promote the reengineering and reengineering of the enterprises based on the enterprise value chain and the industrial value chain. Governing the marginal enterprises is the core, starting from deepening the reform of state-owned enterprises in the monopoly industries and eliminating the space for marginal enterprises to survive. The key is to introduce commercial competition according to the theory of “property rights theory.” We should adopt the reform ideas of “universal law, step by step” to promote infrastructure reform and state-owned enterprise reform, The separate legislature of public enterprises is subdivided into four categories: A, B, C and D, and step by step reforms are carried out in accordance with the corresponding organizational routes of different enterprises.