纵观文人画的发展历史,我们可以看出文人画这种艺术是建基于中国文化的大背景,那么,立足于中国传统文化思想和审美精神来考察文人画,我们可以发现文人画的几个基本特征。首先,文人画须是文人之画。文人画与画工画是相对立的,即存在隶家与行家的区别。唐代张彦远首次明确地将绘画归属为文人的专利,“自古善画者,莫匪衣冠贵胄,逸士高人”。直至 Throughout the history of the development of literati painting, we can see that the art of literati painting is based on the background of Chinese culture. Then, based on the traditional Chinese cultural thought and aesthetic spirit, we can find out about the literati paintings Basic Features. First of all, literati paintings must be literati paintings. Literati painting and painting art is the opposite, that there is the difference between home and expert. For the first time in the Tang Dynasty, Zhang Yan-yuan clearly defined the painting as a literary man’s patent, “since ancient times a good painter, Mo bandit, expensive man, high esteem”. Until