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民歌是广大人民群众在社会生活实践中口头传唱逐渐形成和发展起来的,民间音乐与民间文学相结合的艺术形式。江西地方民间音乐包括戏曲音乐、民间民歌、歌舞音乐、曲艺音乐、民间乐器、综合性乐种六类,音乐遗产十分丰厚。其中进贤县前坊镇上梁歌有着悠久历史文化,由木匠师傅一代一代口头传唱至今,它记载着农村历史变迁的整个过程。具有重要的艺术价值和文学价值。随着经济的不断发展,许多木质结构的房屋被现代化的钢筋水泥所代替,木匠师傅的手艺也面临这失传的现象,上梁歌也面临无人继承的危险。因此,笔者对进贤县前坊镇上梁歌进行了田野调查,对传承现状进行分析,并就传承在当代的衰微现状提出了一些有效的保护措施。
Folk songs are an art form in which the majority of the masses of people verbally sing and form gradually formed and developed in the practice of social life, combining folk music and folk literature. Jiangxi local folk music, including opera music, folk songs, song and dance music, folk music, folk music instruments, six kinds of comprehensive music, musical heritage is very rich. Among them, Qianxian County, Qianxian County, Jinxian County, has a long history and culture. It was sung by the master carvers from generation to generation till now. It records the whole process of the historical changes in the countryside. It has important artistic value and literary value. With the continuous development of the economy, many houses with wooden structures have been replaced by modern reinforced concrete. Carpenter’s craftsmanship also faces this loss phenomenon, and the Beibu Song also faces the danger of no succession. Therefore, the author conducted a field survey on Liangge Song of Qianfang Town in Jinxian County, analyzed the status quo of inheritance, and put forward some effective protection measures on the current decline status of inheritance.