二倍体和四倍体球茎大麦的核型相似，都有５组非常相似的中着丝粒染色体，一组近中着丝粒染色体和一组随体染色体。Ｃ－带带纹很少，大多数染色体只有一或两条着丝粒带，染色体４有１条中间带，随体染色体有次溢痕带，二倍体类型的带型表现出一定的多态性。根据带型特征，结合染色体形态，球茎大麦的７组同源染色体可以区分，依据四倍体球茎大麦的Ｃ－带带型，可以证明其同源多倍体的起源。在种间杂种中，球茎大麦的核仁消失，而栽培大麦的核仁依然存在，表现出典型的“核仁隐性”现象 Diploid and tetraploid bulblets have similar karyotypes, with five groups of closely related meso-centromeric chromosomes, a group of near-meiosis chromosomes, and a set of satellite chromosomes. There are few C-banding patterns, most of the chromosomes have only one or two centromere bands, one intermediate band in chromosome 4, a secondary overflow band on chromosomes, and a diploid-type band pattern State. Based on the banding characteristics and combining with chromosome morphology, seven groups of homologous chromosomes of bulby barley can be distinguished. Based on the C-banding pattern of tetraploid bulbley, the origin of the homologous polyploidy can be proved. Among interspecific hybrids, the nucleolus of bulbous barley disappeared while the kernels of cultivated barley remained, displaying a typical “nucleolar recessive” phenomenon