A lack of myoelectric sources after limb amputation is a critical challenge in the control of multifunctional motorized prostheses. To reconstruct myoelectric sources physiologically related to lost limbs, a newly proposed neural-function construction method, targeted muscle reinnervation(TMR), appears promising. Recent advances in the TMR technique suggest that TMR could provide additional motor command information for the control of multifunctional myoelectric prostheses. However, little is known about the nature of the physiological functional recovery of the reinnervated muscles. More understanding of the underlying mechanism of TMR could help us fine tune the technique to maximize its capability to achieve a much higher performance in the control of multifunctional prostheses. In this study, rats were used as an animal model for TMR surgery involving transferring a median nerve into the pectoralis major, which served as the target muscle. Intramuscular myoelectric signals reconstructed following TMR were recorded by implanted wire electrodes and analyzed to explore the nature of the neural-function reconstruction achieved by reinnervation of targeted muscles. Our results showed that the active myoelectric signal reconstructed in the targeted muscle was acquired one week after TMR surgery, and its amplitude gradually became stronger over time. These preliminary results from rats may serve as a basis for exploring the mechanism of neural-function reconstruction by the TMR technique in human subjects. A lack of myoelectric sources after limb amputation is a critical challenge in the control of multifunctional motorized prostheses. To reconstruct myoelectric sources physiologically related to lost limbs, a newly proposed neural-function construction method, targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR), prospects promising. Recent advances in the TMR technique suggest that TMR could provide additional motor command information for the control of multifunctional myoelectric prostheses. However, little is known about the nature of the physiological functional recovery of the reinnervated muscles. More understanding of the underlying mechanism of TMR could help us fine tune the technique to maximize its capability to achieve a much higher performance in the control of multifunctional prostheses. In this study, rats were used as an animal model for TMR procedures involving a median nerve into the pectoralis major, which served as the target muscle. Intramuscular myoelectric signals reconstr ucted the following TMR were recorded by implanted wire electrodes and analyzed to explore the nature of the neural-function reconstructed by reinnervation of targeted muscles. Our results showed that the active myoelectric signal reconstructed in the targeted muscle was acquired one week after TMR surgery, and its amplitude more than stronger over time. These preliminary results from rats may serve as a basis for exploring the mechanism of neural-function reconstruction by the TMR technique in human subjects.