ALICE新内寻迹系统——硅像素探测器

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大型重离子对撞机实验(ALICE)是大型强子对撞机(LHC)上唯一致力于研究极端相对论下的原子核碰撞的实验.其目标是研究强相互作用物质在实验室达到的极高能量密度下的物理特性.在极高能量密度下,能够产生一种新的物质形态——夸克-胶子等离子体.宇宙被认为在大爆炸后的最初几百万分之一秒就处于夸克-胶子等离子体状态.在实验室里重现宇宙初期的物质形态并理解它是如何演化的,将有助于理解当今物质世界的形成和组分以及夸克和胶子的禁闭机制等物理学前沿重大科学问题.为此,ALICE对重核(如铅核)碰撞产生的强子、电子、缪子和光子进行了全面的探测和研究.为了与核-核碰撞相比较,ALICE也研究质子-质子和质子-核碰撞.至2021年,ALICE将完成探测器的重大升级,以进一步增强其探测能力,并在未来十多年继续在LHC上进行它的科学探索之旅.
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