子宫内膜异位症(endometriosis,EMs)是导致育龄女性不孕的常见原因之一,其对生育能力的影响是多方面的,其中卵母细胞质量下降是导致不孕的重要机制之一。卵母细胞的质量反映卵子内在的发育潜能,是影响女性生育最根本的因素。EMs患者卵泡发育潜能降低、颗粒细胞功能异常、卵泡微环境及内分泌发生改变,直接或间接对卵母细胞质量造成损害。本文就这几方面的影响进行综述,为在辅助生殖技术中研究如何改善EMs患者卵母细胞质量,提高妊娠率提供理论依据。 Endometriosis (EMs) is one of the most common causes of infertility in women of childbearing age. The effects of endometriosis on fertility are various. Among them, the decline of oocyte quality is one of the important mechanisms leading to infertility. The quality of the oocyte reflects the inherent developmental potential of the egg and is the most fundamental factor affecting female reproduction. EMs patients with reduced follicular development potential, granulosa cells dysfunction, follicular microenvironment and endocrine changes, directly or indirectly, cause damage to the quality of the oocyte. This article reviews the impact of these aspects in order to provide a theoretical basis for studying how to improve oocyte quality and pregnancy rate in assisted reproductive technology.