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主观违法要素理论的提出发端于贝林的古典构成要件理论。是否以及在何种标准下承认主观违法要素要素,一方面取决于对构成要件的理解,另一方面则受制于对违法性的理解。以规范违反为基础的行为无价值论,全面承认主观违法要素,而将违法性理解为法益侵害或危险的结果无价值论,则必须妥善解决主观违法要素的问题。在法益侵害的视野下,主观违法要素是判断危险的一个要素,其范围包括未遂犯中的既遂意志以及目的犯中的目的。主观违法要素理论并没有颠覆结果无价值的违法性论。
The theory of subjective elements of illegality originates from Behring’s theory of classical elements of composition. Whether and to what extent the elements of subjective illegality are to be acknowledged depends, on the one hand, on the comprehension of the constituent elements and on the other hand on the understanding of illegality. It is necessary to properly solve the subjective and illegal elements by understanding the unlawfulness as the result of non-value theory of violation of law or danger. In the view of legal interests infringement, the subjective illegality factor is an element of judging the danger, and its scope includes the accomplishment intention in attempted crimes and the purpose of committing crimes. The theory of subjective illegal elements does not subvert the valueless illegality of the result.