地震位错理论是解释地震形变,并进行反演估算地震破裂模型的理论基础.当前的地震位错理论基于地球模型主要分为:均匀半无限模型、层状半无限模型、均质球形模型和层状球形模型.本文利用基于不同地球模型的位错理论,针对不同深度的地震,分析了同震水平、垂直形变的分布特征,讨论了导致同震形变差异的主要因素,即地球层状结构和曲率对同震形变结果产生的影响,以此探讨基于不同地球模型的位错理论的适用性.通过对比均匀半无限和层状半无限模型、均质球形和层状球形模型下的同震形变结果,发现形变量在近场的差异要大于在远场的差异,即地球层状结构在近场有较大的影响,其中对最大水平形变的影响可达到37%;通过对比均匀半无限和均质球形模型、层状半无限和层状球形模型下的同震形变结果,当震源深度较深时,形变量在远场的差异大于在近场的差异,即地球曲率在远场的影响大于在近场的影响,并且其明显小于地球的层状结构的影响. The theory of seismic dislocation is the theoretical basis for explaining the seismic deformation and the inversion of the earthquake rupture model.The current seismic dislocation theory based on the Earth model is mainly divided into a homogeneous semi-infinite model, a layered semi-infinite model, a homogeneous spherical model and Layered spherical model.In this paper, based on the dislocation theory based on different earth models, the distribution characteristics of horizontal and vertical deformation of coseismic are analyzed for different depths of earthquakes, and the main factors that lead to the difference of coseismic deformation are discussed, namely, the earth stratified structure And curvature on the coseismic deformation results in order to explore the applicability of dislocation theory based on different earth models.By comparing the homogeneous and semi-infinite and layered semi-infinite models, The results of deformation show that the difference of the deformation in the near field is greater than that in the far field, that is, the earth stratification structure has a great influence in the near field, of which the influence on the maximum horizontal deformation can reach 37% And the homogeneous spherical model, the coseismic deformation under layered semi-infinite and layered spherical model. When the focal depth is deeper, the difference of the deformation in the far field is greater than that in the near The difference in field, that is, the curvature of the earth in the far field is greater than that in the near field, and it is significantly less than that of the earth’s layered structure.