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区域产业分析的常用测度之一是区位商,该测度用于一个地理单元(如北京市)中某种行业在全部行业中的比重与特定区域(如全中国)的同种行业比重做比较。然而,区位商是一个静态概念,不能反映一种行业的相对增长幅度或者变化速度。基于数学中“商”的概念和理论地理学中测度构造的一般方法,本文定义了一个行业增长商测度,用于比较一个子区域中某种行业的增长幅度与特定地理区域中同一行业增长幅度,数值越大表明一个子区域的某种行业相对于特定区域的同种行业的增速越快、增幅越大。进一步地,定义了一个区域增长商,用于比较某种行业的相对增幅与全部行业的平均增幅,数值越大表明某种行业在全部行业中的增速越快。采用信阳实例说明了增长商分析的应用方法。作为参照,定义、对比并讨论了区位熵和增长熵测度。增长商是一个动态的测度,简明易懂,在区域产业分析中可以与区位商功能互补,在未来的主导产业选择中可能发挥一定作用。
One of the commonly used measures of regional industry analysis is the location quotient, which is used to compare the share of a certain industry in a single industry in a geographic unit (such as Beijing) with the share of the same industry in a particular region (such as China). However, location quotient is a static concept that does not reflect the relative growth rate or rate of change of an industry. Based on the concept of “quotient” in mathematics and the general method of measure construction in theoretical geography, this paper defines an industry growth measure, which is used to compare the growth of a certain industry in a subregion with the same industry in a particular geographical area Growth rate, the greater the value that a certain sub-region relative to a particular region of the same industry growth rate faster, the greater the increase. Further, a regional growth operator is defined to compare the relative growth of a given industry with the average growth of all industries, and the larger the figure, the faster growth of certain industries in all industries. The example of Xinyang is used to illustrate the application of growth analysis. As a reference, define, compare and discuss the measure of location entropy and growth entropy. Growth business is a dynamic measure, concise and easy to understand. It can complement regional business functions in regional industrial analysis and may play a role in the choice of leading industries in the future.