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[目的]该项目在山西省糯玉米主产区开展糯玉米田亚洲玉米螟发生危害特点调查研究,旨在为开展糯玉米田亚洲玉米螟适期有效防治奠定基础。[方法]该研究采取成虫诱集、卵和幼虫定点和随机调查的方法进行。[结果]调查结果表明,糯玉米田亚洲玉米螟年发生两代,世代基本不重叠,两代间有较明显的间隔。糯玉米田亚洲玉米螟越冬代成虫盛发期为6月上中旬,一代成虫盛发期为8月上旬至下旬;一代卵盛期为6月上旬末至6月下旬初,二代卵盛期为8月上旬中期至8月下旬。亚洲玉米螟对不同生育时期糯玉米的产卵趋性表现为,在糯玉米抽雄之前,随着生育时期向后延续,糯玉米对亚洲玉米螟产卵的引诱力逐步增强;而在糯玉米抽雄之后,随着生育时期向后延续,糯玉米对亚洲玉米螟产卵的引诱力逐步减弱。生育时期基本相同、长势基本一致的糯玉米上的落卵量较普通玉米上为多。糯玉米田亚洲玉米螟一代发生危害轻二代发生危害重。一代幼虫对糯玉米的危害早播田重于中播田,而晚播田基本上不受一代幼虫的危害,由于一代幼虫发生轻,不论早播还是中播糯玉米虽然受害但一般较轻。二代幼虫对糯玉米的危害晚播田重于中播田,早播糯玉米在二代幼虫危害初期即采收,一般年份不受二代幼虫的危害或受害较轻,由于二代幼虫发生量大,因而对晚播和中播偏晚播种的糯玉米会造成严重的危害。糯玉米果穗穗腐病的发病率与果穗受亚洲玉米螟危害密切相关,果穗受亚洲玉米螟危害者,穗腐病发病率高。[结论]糯玉米产区应加强中、晚播糯玉米田二代亚洲玉米螟的综合防治。
[Objective] The research aimed to investigate the occurrence and damage characteristics of Asian corn borer in waxy corn field in the main producing areas of waxy corn in Shanxi Province. The purpose of this project was to lay a foundation for the proper and effective control of Asian corn borer in waxy corn field. [Method] The study was carried out by adult adults, eggs and larvae by fixed point and random survey. [Result] The results showed that two generations occurred in the Asian corn borer in the waxy corn field. The generations did not overlap basically and there was obvious interval between the two generations. Waxy Corn Field Asian corn borer overwintering generation of adult flourishing period for the upper mid-June, a generation of adult flourishing period from early August to late; the peak of a generation of eggs from early June to early June early, the second generation of egg peak From mid-August to late August. The oviposition tendency of Asian corn borer (Oryza sativa L.) to waxy maize at different growth stages showed that waxy maize gradually increased its ability to attract eggs of Asian corn borer before ovipositing of waxy corn, Later, as the reproductive period continued backward, the attraction of waxy corn to Asian corn borer eggs gradually weakened. The growth of basically the same period, basically the same growth of waxy corn on the amount of eggs on the more than normal. Waxy Corn Field Asian Corn Borer Occurs Hazard The harm of first-generation larvae to waxy maize The early-sowing of the field is more important than that of middle-sowing and the late-sowing is basically unaffected by the first-generation of larvae. Although young ones of early-sowing or sowing waxy maize suffer, they are generally lighter. Second-generation larvae on waxy corn late sowing field in the sowing field, early sowing waxy maize in the second generation of larvae that harms the initial harvest, the general year from the second-generation larvae harm or victimize less, due to the large second-generation larvae , So the late sowing and sowing late corn planting waxy will cause serious harm. The incidence of ear rots and ear of waxy maize ears are closely related to the damage of Asian Corn Borer, and the ear damage of ear corn caused by Asian corn borer is high. [Conclusion] The comprehensive prevention and control of the second generation Asian corn borer in middle and late sowing waxy corn fields should be strengthened in waxy corn producing areas.