目的探讨垂直分离性斜视与上直肌变性的关系。方法观察垂直分离性斜视行上直肌后徙术患者共44例58眼,术中分别记录上直肌及周围组织是否有变性、上直肌的止点与角膜缘的距离及术后1周及术后≥3个月的疗效。将结果按上直肌是否有变性分为两组,分别进行比较。结果58眼中44眼无上直肌变性,占75.86%,14眼有上直肌变性,占24.14%。上直肌的止点与角膜缘的距离:无上直肌变性组平均为7.15mm,有上直肌变性组平均为7.23mm。两组无显著性差异。上直肌变性组术后1周及术后≥3个月的满意率分别是78.57%、85.71%,无上直肌变性组术后1周及术后≥3个月的满意率分别是79.55%、84.1%。两组间的疗效均无显著性差异。结论垂直分离性斜视中的上直肌变性现象值得重视。 Objective To investigate the relationship between vertical separation strabismus and upper rectus degeneration. Methods 44 cases (58 eyes) of rectus abdominis rectus were retrospectively analyzed. The rectus and surrounding tissues were recorded for degeneration, the distance between the upper rectus and the limbus, And the effect of more than 3 months after operation. The results according to the rectus degeneration is divided into two groups, were compared. Results Among the 58 eyes, 44 eyes had no upper rectus muscle degeneration, accounting for 75.86%. 14 eyes had upper rectus degeneration, accounting for 24.14%. The distance between the upper rectus and the limbus: the upper rectus abdominis degeneration group averaged 7.15 mm, and the upper rectus degeneration group averaged 7.23 mm. No significant difference between the two groups. The satisfaction rates of upper rectus femoris group 1 week after operation and ≥3 months after operation were 78.57% and 85.71%, respectively. The satisfaction rates of one week after operation and ≥3 months after operation were 79.55 %, 84.1%. There was no significant difference in efficacy between the two groups. Conclusion Vertical degeneration of the upper rectus degeneration phenomenon deserve attention.