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目的了解天津市售重点食品的铝残留状况并以此推算每日安全消费量。方法 2010-2014年采集农贸市场、商店超市、路边摊位、小型餐饮店生产或销售的共794份样品,包括焙烤、油炸食品,淀粉类食品,水产动物及其制品等食品。按《食品中铝测定的分光光度法》方法进行检测。结果食品中铝检出值为0.29~2810.00 mg/kg,平均超标率为20.15%。2012年超标率及均值均最高(32.50%、199.75 mg/kg)。超标率最高的5类食品依次为海蜇(100.00%)、煎饼/烧饼(63.64%)、藻类制品(58.06%)、凉粉/凉皮(53.01%)、油条/油饼类(42.59%)。监测油条、油饼类样品55份,检测均值为182.08 mg/kg,最大值达1360 mg/kg,其中2012、2014年超标率均超过80%。海蜇平均每日安全消费量成人、儿童分别为26.60g、13.30g,藻类制品的每日安全消费量成人、儿童分别为25.92g、12.96g,油条、油饼类成人、儿童每日安全消费量分别为94.15g、47.08g。结论多种食品被检出铝超标,如居民食用量超过推算安全消费量,存在一定健康风险。因此,应采取多种措施控制铝摄入风险。
Objective To understand the status of aluminum residues in key foodstuffs sold in Tianjin and calculate daily safe consumption. Methods A total of 794 samples from farmer’s markets, store supermarkets, roadside stalls and small restaurants were collected during 2010-2014, including baked, fried foods, starchy foods, aquatic animals and their products. According to “Determination of aluminum in food by spectrophotometry” method for testing. Results The detected value of aluminum in food was 0.29 ~ 2810.00 mg / kg with the average over standard rate of 20.15%. In 2012, the exceeding standard rate and the average value were the highest (32.50%, 199.75 mg / kg). The top five categories of food products were jellyfish (100.00%), pancakes / sesame seeds (63.64%), algae products (58.06%), jelly / cool peel (53.01%) and dough sticks / cakes (42.59%). Fifty samples of fried dough sticks and cake were monitored. The average value of detection was 182.08 mg / kg and the maximum value was 1360 mg / kg, of which the exceeding standard rate exceeded 80% in 2012 and 2014 respectively. Daily average safe consumption of jellyfish adults and children were 26.60g, 13.30g, daily consumption of algae products, adults and children were 25.92g, 12.96g, fritters, cakes adult, children’s daily consumption of safe consumption respectively 94.15g, 47.08g. Conclusion A variety of foods were detected aluminum exceeded, such as residents consumption exceeds projected safety consumption, there are some health risks. Therefore, a number of measures should be taken to control the risk of aluminum intake.