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随着我国经济的发展,市场经济的逐步完善,财政支出已经成为政府调控经济和参与经济的主要途径。由于市场本身存在缺陷,因此如何通过政府参与经济实现更好的资源配置,促进经济的增长,一直是经济学界和社会界一直探讨的问题。特别是在美国金融危机之后,为了保持经济增长,我国政府加大了财政支出的力度,因此如何在总量和结构上对财政支出进行分配,并确定各项支出的最优比例变得尤为重要。本文利用1978年到2006年间的数据,借助计量模型进行实证分析,并得出结论:不同的财政支出项目对经济增长的作用和贡献不同,其中经济建设费、社会文教费和其他支出对经济增长有促进作用,而行政管理费和国防费的产出弹性为负,会阻碍经济的发展。
With the development of our economy and the gradual improvement of the market economy, the fiscal expenditure has become the main way for the government to regulate and participate in the economy. Due to the flaws in the market itself, how to achieve better allocation of resources through government participation in the economy and promote economic growth have always been problems that the economic and social sectors have been discussing. Especially after the financial crisis in the United States, in order to maintain its economic growth, our government has increased its fiscal expenditure. Therefore, it has become particularly important how to allocate fiscal expenditure in terms of both aggregate amount and structure and determine the optimal proportion of expenditures . This essay uses the data from 1978 to 2006 to make empirical analysis with the aid of econometric models and draws the conclusion that different financial expenditure items have different effects on economic growth and contributions, among which, economic construction costs, social education expenses and other expenditures on economic growth Have a promoting role, while the output elasticity of administration fees and defense fees is negative, which will hinder the economic development.