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在陆地地震勘探中,使用组合方法从不需要的相干地震同相轴中分离出有效反射波是常用的作法。近来,长震源和接收器组合已经用来减少海洋地震资料中海底多次波的影响. 震源组合是由5个等间距地相同的子组合组成。每个子组合都有5个容积不同的气枪。子组合之间的距离可以在20～56米之间变化。每个子组合的总容积是630立方英寸(8.6升——译者注),在2000磅/英寸的工作压力情况下(140.6公斤/平方厘米——译者注),震源组合的总容积是3150立方英寸(43升——译者注)。为了有一个灵活的接收系统,在资料处理中,通过计算一个2—5道的加权和以达到延长接收器组合。水下检波器电缆由54道组成,每道长50米。用超长气枪组合放炮获得的地震记录,采用常规技术以及特殊方法进行处理。尤其是使用加权迭加可以改善迭加剖面的质量。迭加权值是通过一个程序计算出有效波与多次波比值. 使用超长气枪组合获得的资料比常规资料的质量有了明显的改进.几个实例都表明海底多次波强烈衰减,而深地震同相轴得到加强. 附录中给出了倾斜同相轴混合组合响应函数.
In terrestrial seismic exploration, it is common practice to use a combination method to separate effective reflected waves from unwanted co-seismic seismic events. Recently, sources and receivers have been used to reduce the effects of seafloor multiple waves in marine seismic data. The source combination consists of five equally spaced sub-combinations. Each sub-combinations have five different sizes of air guns. The distance between sub-combinations can vary between 20 and 56 meters. The total volume per sub-assembly is 630 cubic inches. At 2000 pounds per inch of working pressure (140.6 kg / cm²-translator’s note), the total volume of the hypocenter combination is 3150 Cubic inch (43 liters - translator’s note). In order to have a flexible receiving system, in the data processing, to extend the receiver combination by calculating a weighted sum of 2-5 channels. The underwater geophone cable consists of 54 lanes, each 50 meters long. Seismic records obtained with a long airsoft gun blasting are processed using conventional techniques and special methods. In particular, the use of weighted stacking can improve the quality of superimposed sections. The iterative weighting is calculated by a program to calculate the ratio of effective wave to multiple wave. The data obtained by using the combination of the long air gun has obviously improved compared with the conventional data. Several examples show that the seafloor multiple waves strongly decay while the depth Seismic events are enhanced in the Appendix. The appendix shows the mixed response function of inclined-phase events.