目的本文探讨早产儿出院后两种不同的营养支持方式对其体重、身长的影响,分析相关不良反应。方法将出院早产儿分为PDF组(早产儿出院后配方奶粉组)和对照组(母乳喂养和足月儿配方奶粉混合喂养组),比较两组喂养方式对早产儿体重、身长的影响。结果出院后3个月,PDF组早产儿体重(4.15±0.82 kg)及身长(52.8±1.47 cm)分别明显高于对照组的体重(3.55±0.66 kg)及身长(51.4±1.36cm),差异有统计学意义(t=4.42、5.42,P<0.01);两组在喂养不耐受、低血糖发生的风险方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论配方奶是早产儿出院后营养支持的首选,可促进早产儿体重、身高等的增长,促进追赶性生长,因此,有利于早产儿的生长发育和远期健康。 Objective To investigate the effects of two different nutritional support methods on body weight and body length after discharge from preterm infants and to analyze the related adverse reactions. Methods Discharged preterm infants were divided into PDF group (preterm discharge formula group) and control group (breastfeeding and full term milk formula mixed feeding group). The effects of feeding mode on body weight and body length of premature infants were compared. Results At 3 months after discharge, the body weight (4.15 ± 0.82 kg) and body length (52.8 ± 1.47 cm) in preterm infants in PDF group were significantly higher than those in control group (3.55 ± 0.66 kg) and body length (51.4 ± 1.36 cm) (T = 4.42,5.42, P <0.01). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the risk of feeding intolerance and hypoglycemia (P> 0.05). Conclusion: The formula milk is the first choice of nutritional support after discharge from premature infants, which can promote the growth of body weight and height of premature infants and promote the growth of catch-up. Therefore, it is beneficial to the growth and development and long-term health of premature infants.