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目的掌握2014年淮安市疟疾疫情现状,为制订和调整适合该市的消除疟疾策略和措施提供依据。方法收集2014年全市网络报告疟疾疫情和专报系统的流行病学调查资料,对2014年疟疾疫情及病例诊治情况进行统计分析。结果 2014年淮安市共报告疟疾56例,较2013年上升了43.59%,发病率为0.12/万;所有病例均为非洲输入性病例,其中恶性疟50例、卵形疟4例、三日疟1例、混合感染1例。56例病例均为男性;年龄为24~59岁;职业以农民工为主,占96.43%(54例);文化程度以初中为主,占69.64%(39例)。按地区分布统计,病例数居前三位的县(区)依次为淮安区(32例)、盱眙县(8例)和淮阴区(6例),3个县(区)占淮安籍病例数的82.14%。2014年全年均有病例报告,无明显季节特征。从发病到就诊时间中位数为2 d;从就诊到确诊时间中位数为1 d;16.67%(8例)的病例初次就诊时被诊断为其他疾病。所有病例均经淮安市疟疾参比实验室确诊,均得到规范的抗疟治疗。结论淮安市境外感染的输入性疟疾病例日益增多,且感染虫种呈多样性。因此仍需加强出入境人员健康教育及疟疾诊治技能培训等措施以控制输入性疟疾疫情。
Objective To grasp the status quo of malaria in Huai’an City in 2014 and provide basis for formulating and adjusting strategies and measures for malaria elimination in the city. Methods Epidemiological survey data of malaria epidemic and special reporting system collected by the whole city in 2014 were collected to make a statistical analysis on the diagnosis and treatment of malaria cases and cases in 2014. Results A total of 56 malaria cases were reported in Huai’an in 2014, an increase of 43.59% over 2013. The incidence rate was 0.12 / million. All cases were imported from Africa, including 50 cases of falciparum malaria, 4 cases of oval-shaped malaria, 3 cases of malaria 1 case, mixed infection in 1 case. 56 cases were male; the age ranged from 24 to 59 years. The main employment was migrant workers, accounting for 96.43% (54 cases). The educational level was mainly in junior middle school, accounting for 69.64% (39 cases). According to the regional distribution statistics, the top three counties (districts) are Huai’an District (32 cases), Qionglai County (8 cases) and Huaiyin District (6 cases), and the three counties (districts) Of 82.14%. There are case reports throughout 2014 with no obvious seasonal characteristics. The median time from onset to visit was 2 days; the median time from diagnosis to diagnosis was 1 day; and 16.67% (8 cases) were diagnosed as other diseases on initial visit. All cases were confirmed by the reference laboratory of malaria in Huaian City, and both were standardized anti-malarial treatment. Conclusion The incidence of imported malaria cases outside Huai’an City is increasing day by day, and the species of infected worms are diversified. Therefore, it is still necessary to strengthen health education for entry-exit personnel and train malaria diagnosis and treatment skills to control the imported malaria epidemic.