本文针对前人省略研究中存在的问题,以原型理论、概念与形式的映射关系作为理论指导,结合日、汉语实例,对省略的实质、判定以及认知特点提出了新观点:(1)“省略”意识缘起于原型认识和格式塔式思维;只有在恢复话语的“最小语义完型”时需要召回的信息,才是真正的“省略成分”。(2)省略具有主观性和模糊性。(3)认知主体的主观化调节导致一个“最小语义完型”可能出现多种省略变体。 In this paper, according to the problems existing in previous studies of omission, this paper takes the mapping between the prototype theory, concepts and forms as the theoretical guidance and combines the examples of Japanese and Chinese to put forward new ideas on the omission of essence, judgment and cognition: (1) The sense of “omission” originates from the prototype understanding and the form-based thinking. The only information that needs to be recalled when restoring the “minimum semantic completeness” of a discourse is the real “omission component.” (2) omit subjectivity and ambiguity. (3) The subjective adjustment of the cognitive subject leads to a variety of elliptical variants of a “minimal semantic completeness.”