制度是社会发展过程中长期形成或建立起来的 ,用以减少风险和增加信任的行为规则。随着时间的推移 ,制度会因发生磨损而出现短缺 ,因此将打破旧的制度安排而形成新的制度供给。这种制度创立、变更及随着时间变化而被打破的方式即是制度变迁的表现 ①。制度变迁总是遵循一定路径 The system is a long-established or established code of conduct for reducing risks and increasing trust in the process of social development. With the passage of time, the system will be shortened due to wear and tear, so it will break the old institutional arrangements and form a new institutional supply. The way this system was created, changed, and broken over time is the manifestation of institutional change. Institutional changes always follow a certain path