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目的了解贵州省2013年上半年手足口病病原谱及分布特征,为防控提供信息。方法各县(市、区)收集临床患者基本信息及标本送属地市(州)疾控中心,标本用realtime-PCR技术检测肠道病毒,对结果进行描述性分析。结果共对4792例病例采集咽拭子和/或肛拭子等4836份检测,肠道病毒感染者2660例(感染率55.51%),60.94%为其他肠道病毒,25.75%为EV71,8.46%为CA16,4.40%为CA6,0.45%为EV71+CA16。九市(州)除铜仁市以EV71(占74.51%)为主外,其余市(州)均以其他肠道病毒居多。3月-5月为感染高峰期。5岁及以下者占87.71%,呈2~岁组和5~岁组两个感染年龄峰。轻型病例以其他肠道病毒感染居多(63.29%),重症病例以其他肠道病毒(52.03%)和EV71(43.33%)较多,死亡病例以EV71居多(60%)。散发和聚集性病例均以其他肠道病毒居多(61.24%和58.00%)。结论贵州省大部分地区手足口病流行的病原谱发生变化,需进一步加强各项监测工作。
Objective To understand the disease spectrum and distribution characteristics of HFMD in Guizhou Province in the first half of 2013 and provide information for prevention and control. Methods The basic information and samples of clinical patients were collected from all the counties (cities and districts) and sent to the municipal (state) CDC. The samples were tested for real-time enterovirus by realtime-PCR and the results were analyzed descriptively. Results A total of 4,836 cases of throat swabs and / or rectal swabs were collected from 4792 cases. Among them, 2660 cases of enterovirus infection (infection rate 55.51%), 60.94% were other enterovirus, 25.75% were EV71, 84.6% For CA16, 4.40% for CA6, and 0.45% for EV71 + CA16. Nine cities (prefectures) except Tongren City to EV71 (74.51%) based, the rest of the city (state) are mostly other enteroviruses. March-May is the peak of infection. The age of 5 and below accounted for 87.71%, showing 2 ~ age group and 5 ~ age group two infection age peak. In mild cases, most of the other enteroviruses were infected (63.29%). Other severe cases were other enteroviruses (52.03%) and EV71 (43.33%), with the majority of deaths being EV71 (60%). Sporadic and aggregated cases were mostly other enteroviruses (61.24% and 58.00%). Conclusion The pathogen spectrum of HFMD epidemic in most parts of Guizhou Province changed, and various monitoring needs to be further strengthened.