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目的研究犬大脑中动脉栓塞(middle cerebral artery occlusion,MCAO)脑梗死模型及CT灌注成像在其超急性期中的诊断价值。方法建立10只成年比格犬大脑中动脉血栓栓塞模型。将10只犬分为5组,每组2只,分别于模型建立后2 h、3 h、4 h、5 h、6 h行CT灌注成像。图像扫描处理完成后,分别测量栓塞侧和对侧基底节区及皮质区的脑血流量(CBF)、脑血容量(CBV)及达峰时间(TTP),以计算相对脑血流量(rCBF)、相对脑血容量(rCBV)及达峰时间差(△TTP)。模型建立24 h后,处死所有实验动物行病理学检查。结果 10只实验动物均成功建立犬大脑中动脉近端栓塞模型。犬MCAO模型超急性期,基底节区rCBF介于69.57%～97.26%,rCBV介于76.82%～111.61%,△TTP介于1～10 s,而皮质区rCBF介于70.43%～100%,rCBV介于78.13%～100.23%,△TTP介于7.8～15.8 s。术后病理提示犬大脑梗死灶均出现于栓塞侧基底节区,直径4.1～7.5 mm。结论犬MCAO近端栓塞后能得到基底节区类腔梗病灶,可为大血管栓塞性腔梗形成假说提供实验性依据。CT灌注成像可有效地监测脑血管栓塞后颅内血流变化情况。
Objective To study the diagnostic value of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) cerebral infarction model and CT perfusion imaging in its hyperacute phase. Methods Ten adult beagle dogs with middle cerebral artery occlusion were established. Ten dogs were divided into 5 groups with 2 in each group. CT perfusion imaging was performed at 2 h, 3 h, 4 h, 5 h and 6 h after model establishment. After the image scanning process, the cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV) and time to peak (TTP) of the embolized and contralateral basal ganglia and cortex were measured to calculate the relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF) , Relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) and peak time difference (△ TTP). After the model was established for 24 h, all the experimental animals were executed for pathological examination. Results All 10 experimental animals successfully established the proximal middle cerebral artery occlusion model. The rCBF of the canine MCAO model ranged from 69.57% to 97.26%, the rCBV ranged from 76.82% to 111.61%, the △ TTP ranged from 1 to 10 s, and the cortical rCBF ranged from 70.43% to 100% Ranging from 78.13% to 100.23%, △ TTP ranged from 7.8 to 15.8 s. Postoperative pathology prompted cerebral infarction in dogs were found in the embolic side of the basal ganglia, diameter 4.1 ~ 7.5 mm. Conclusions The canine basal ganglia infarction can be obtained after the proximal embolization of canine MCAO, which can provide experimental evidence for the formation of large blood vessel embolism cavity. CT perfusion imaging can effectively monitor intracranial blood flow changes after cerebral embolism.