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1 壶腹周围癌 过去习惯将胰头癌及壶腹部癌合并称为壶腹周围癌。发生于壶腹部的肿瘤主要是癌肿,良性肿瘤极少见,此处癌肿又包括:①乳头周围的十二指肠粘膜癌;②乳头粘膜癌;③壶腹部粘膜癌;④胆总管下端癌;⑤主胰管开口处癌。以上癌肿均具有胆总管下端梗阻的症状和体征(如进行性黄疸)。近来,由于B超、CT、核磁共振、ERCP等影像技术的发展,完全有可能区分肿瘤的确切发生部位。因此,壶腹周围癌逐步被弃用。 2 回肓部肿瘤 临床常见的名称回盲部,其范围不够明确。有人根据回结肠动脉分布的范围及临床观察,规定回盲部的范围包括:回肠末端(约10cm)、盲肠、阑尾和升结肠起始部。回盲部是肠管的炎症、肿瘤、结核、套叠和溃疡的好发部位。发生于该部位的肿瘤统称
1 Periampullary cancer In the past, it was common to combine pancreatic head cancer and ampullary carcinoma with peri-ampullary cancer. The tumors that occur in the ampulla are mainly cancers, and benign tumors are rare. The cancers here include: 1 duodenal mucosal cancer around the papilla; 2 papillary mucosal cancer; 3 ampulla mucosal cancer; 4 lower common bile duct Cancer; 5 carcinoma of the main pancreatic duct opening. The above cancers all have the symptoms and signs of the common bile duct obstruction (such as progressive jaundice). Recently, due to the development of imaging techniques such as B-ultrasonography, CT, nuclear magnetic resonance, and ERCP, it is entirely possible to distinguish the precise site of tumor occurrence. Therefore, periampullary cancer is gradually abandoned. 2 Back sacral tumors Clinically common name ileocecal, its scope is not clear enough. According to the distribution of the ileocolic artery and clinical observations, the scope of the ileocecal region includes the ileum (about 10 cm), cecum, appendix, and ascending colon. The ileocecal area is a good site for inflammation, tumors, tuberculosis, intussusception, and ulceration of the bowel. Cancer on the site collectively