CD40、CD40L和sCD40作为重要的信号分子,在诱导抗原呈递细胞、T细胞的活化与肿瘤免疫中发挥着重要作用。该文探讨这三种分子在急性淋巴细胞白血病、急性髓细胞白血病、慢性淋巴细胞白血病、淋巴瘤和多发性骨髓瘤等疾病中的发病机制,以及多种CD40结合药物,如CD40L三聚体(CD40LT)、CD40单抗和CD40L阳性细胞目前作为免疫治疗药物在血液肿瘤治疗中的临床意义。 CD40, CD40L and sCD40, as important signaling molecules, play an important role in inducing antigen-presenting cells, T cell activation and tumor immunity. This article explores the pathogenesis of these three molecules in diseases such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, lymphoma and multiple myeloma as well as various CD40-binding drugs such as CD40L trimer CD40LT), CD40 monoclonal antibody and CD40L positive cells are currently used as immunotherapeutic drugs in the treatment of hematological tumors.