明代中后期东亚海上贸易有四种主导势力:明朝政府、中国私人海商、日本人和葡萄牙人,彼此之间的激烈竞争,其实质乃是新旧贸易体制之间的斗争。朱纨事件的发生,与此一历史背景紧密相连,对当时东亚海域各种势力的消长及其活动,对葡萄牙人占据澳门以及早期东亚海上贸易体系的形成,都发挥了较大的历史影响。 In the middle and late Ming Dynasty, there were four dominant forces in the maritime trade in East Asia: the Ming government, the private Chinese merchants in China, the Japanese and the Portuguese. The fierce competition among themselves was in essence a struggle between the old and new trading systems. The occurrence of Zhu Xi event was closely linked with this historical background. It had a great historical impact on the growth and decline of various forces in the East Asian Seas at that time, the Portuguese occupation of Macao and the formation of the maritime trading system in early East Asia.