目的 为分析北京市1990～1996年0～6岁儿童健康状况.方法 采用纵向比较方法对北京市1990～1996年儿童保健年报资料进行了分析.结果 (1)北京市4个月内婴儿母乳喂养率逐年提高,按NPA定义,1996年达88.96%;儿童中重度营养不良患病率由1990年的2.44%下降到1995年的1.11%;儿童贫血、佝偻病患病率逐年下降,分别由1990年的7.23%、3.50%下降到1996年的3.09%、0.97%;(2)同一时期农村儿童中重度营养不良、贫血、佝偻病患病率高于城市儿童;3岁以下儿童中重度营养不良及贫血患病率高于3岁以上儿童.结论 提示儿童保健工作的重点是婴幼儿和农村儿童. Objective To analyze the health status of children aged 0 ~ 6 from 1990 to 1996 in Beijing.Methods The data of annual report of children’s health in Beijing from 1990 to 1996 were analyzed by longitudinal comparison.Results (1) Infant breastfeeding within 4 months in Beijing The rate increased year by year, according to the definition of NPA, reaching 88.96% in 1996; the prevalence of moderate and severe malnutrition among children dropped from 2.44% in 1990 to 1.11% in 1995; the prevalence of anemia and rickets in children decreased year by year from 1990 And 3.97%, respectively. The prevalence rates of severe malnutrition, anemia and rickets in rural areas were higher than those in urban areas during the same period; moderate and severe malnutrition and anemia in children under 3 years of age The prevalence rate is higher than that of children over the age of 3. The conclusions suggest that the focus of child health care is on infants and young children and rural children.